20^th World Congress on Pediatric Neurology and Neuropathology May 10-11, 2021 Prague, Czech Republic

Pediatric medicine deals with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. In the United States, this generally applies to children ages birth to 18 years. Pediatric physicians are referred to as pediatricians.

Advances in Neurology and Neuroscience used to study the molecular, cellular, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system including its diagnosis and treatment.

Brain tumor typing is a major task in the daily practice of clinical neuropathologists. For more than 100 years, brain tumors have been classified on the basis of a histogenetic concept, with the definition of more than 120 brain tumor entities over time. In the past decades, biomedical research on brain tumors has led to the identification of clinically meaningful diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive molecular markers.

Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms, many of which are (at least eventually) very dangerous and life-threatening (astrocytoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, pontine glioma, and brain stem tumors are among the many examples of these). Among the malignant brain cancers, gliomas of the brainstem and pons, glioblastoma multiforme, and high-grade (highly anaplastic) astrocytoma are among the worst

Pediatric psychology encompasses a wide variety of areas. These areas include developmental, contextual, and psychosocial factors that can contribute to Pediatric psychological and physical issues. It additionally includes the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of Pediatric medical conditions, prevention of Pediatric medical conditions (physical and psychological), educating the general population on Pediatric health, promoting health-related behaviors, advocating for child and family public policies, and improving Pediatric healthcare delivery services.Cerebral disorders commonly cause psychiatric symptoms. Almost all brain disorders may cause psychiatric symptoms.

 Pediatric nursing is the medical care of neonates and children up to adolescence, usually in an in-patient hospital or day-clinic. Pediatrics comes from the Greek words 'paedia' which means child, 'iatrike' which means physician

Mental health problems in children and adolescents include several types of emotional and behavioural disorders, including disruptive, depression, anxiety and pervasive developmental (autism) disorders, characterized as either internalizing or externalizing problems. Disruptive behavioural problems such as temper tantrums, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional, defiant or conduct disorders are the commonest behavioural problems in preschool and school age children.

The study of pediatrics is diminishing the mortality rates of the new-born’s and the youngsters and furthermore to control the spreading of diseases which are pediatric infectious diseases and which will be advancing the healthy life form infections-free life to draw out the issues of teenagers and kids. This can be seen that the improvement of pediatrics is ended by knowing the different pediatric hereditary issue essential subjects which for the most part required for pediatrics. The vital treatment which bargains in pediatrics is supporting the expansion of pediatric wellbeing in youngsters and babies.

•               Pediatric  Nutrition
•               Pediatric Vaccination
•               Pediatric Nursing
•               Pediatric Obesity and Weight Management
•               Neonatal Intensive Care
•               Paediatrics Dermatology
•               Paediatric Cardiology
•               Pediatric Gastroenterology
•               Pediatric Oncology
•               Pediatric Dentistry
•               Pediatric Respiratory System
•               Pediatric Opthalomology
•               Pediatric Allergy and Infections

Pediatric neurogenetic disorders are diseases of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles that are caused by changes in genes or chromosomes. There are hundreds of neurogenetic disorders that may present in very different ways. They may cause problems from birth or only become evident in later childhood.

Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery is a broad field with many challenges. The treatment of neonates with oesophageal has been one of the main challenges for pediatric surgeons. The current survival rate is 93%. Much of this improvement is due to the close collaboration between pediatric surgeons, neonatologists, intensivists, anesthetists and nurses. Over the last decades, because of the development of several clinical and technological advances, there has been a revolution in the management of neonatal and pediatric patients. This progress reported an improvement in the survival rate of extremely ill neonates, who now have the chance to survive into adulthood. The intent of this review is to highlight not only the advances obtained in the neonatal surgery but also the results of a multidisciplinary work focused on the fetus, preterm and newborn baby with a surgical anomaly or disease. Attention is also paid to the recent tendency to share knowledge, protocols, and database out of the single Institution or country and to follow these delicate and fragile neonatal patients to the adulthood, developing the transitional care.

Neuroimaging refers to techniques that produce images of the brain without requiring surgery, incision of the skin, or any direct contact with the inside of the body. Because these technologies enable non-invasive visualization of the structure and functionality of the brain, neuroimaging has become a powerful tool for both research and medical diagnosis. Common methods include positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG), and near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIRSI). PET, fMRI, and NIRSI can measure localized changes in cerebral blood flow related to neural activity.

Psychological/mental deals with physical wellbeing and sickness of a child and the connection between mental/behavioural elements and wellbeing, ailment and infection, the most widely recognized mental clutters in children are anxiety issue, depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). Pediatric psychology is a multidisciplinary study of both scientific investigation and clinical practice which delivers psychological services to infants, toddlers, children and adolescents.

Symptoms of psychological disorders in children:

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  Unexplained weight loss


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  Frequent vomiting


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  Eating Disorders


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  Headache and stomach ache rather than sadness or anxiety

Autoimmune disorders are diseases in which the body’s immune system attacks healthy tissue. These disorders can affect many different parts of the body. Autoimmune disorders that affect their central nervous system(the brain and spinal cord). These disorders can affect a child’s ability to eat, walk, talk, think or move normally.

The neuromuscular system includes all muscles throughout the body and the nerves that connect them. There are a wide variety of neuromuscular disorders that can occur in children. These conditions impact the peripheral nervous system, which includes the muscles, neuromuscular (nerve-muscle) junction, peripheral nerves in the limbs and motor-nerve cells in the spinal cord.

Neurochemistry is the study of chemicals, including neurotransmitters and other molecules such as psychopharmaceuticals and neuropeptides, that control and influence the physiology of the nervous system of children. This field within neuroscience examines how neurochemicals influence the operation of neurons, synapses, and neural networks. Neurochemists analyze the biochemistry and molecular biology of organic compounds in the nervous system of children, and their roles in such neural processes including cortical plasticity, neurogenesis, and neural differentiation.

Children differ from adults in several aspects of pharmacotherapy, together with capabilities for drug administration, medicine-related toxicity, and taste preferences. It is essential that Pediatric medicines are developed to best suit a child’s age, size, physiologic condition, and treatment needs. To ensure adequate treatment of all children, completely different routes of administration, dosage forms, and strengths may be needed. Clinicians need population-specific, evidence-based clinical tools to produce safe and effective drug therapy support for neonatal and Pediatric patients. These clinical tools should be up-to-date, evidence-based drug dosing information, as well as functionality that provide warnings for inappropriately entered dosage values.

Pediatric movement disorders is a relatively new and growing   field of child neurology. Whereas hypokinetic disorders such as Parkinson disease predominate in adults, children more commonly demonstrate hyperkinetic disorders such as tics, tremor, chorea, and dystonia. There are a large number of genetic and heredodegenerative diseases which cause secondary movement disorders in childhood. Advances in pediatric movement disorders have been made by solidifying movement disorder definitions, expanding the spectrum of clinical phenotypes, understanding genetic causes of movement disorders, and rigorously evaluating treatment efficacy for common movement disorders.